Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide regulates colonic immunity through mesenteric lymphatic circulation to attenuate ulcerative colitis / 中国天然药物

Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharide (PGP) is one of the main components of P. grandiflorus, but the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of PGP on mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) and explore the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that PGP treatment inhibited the weight loss of DSS-induced UC mice, increased colon length, and reduced DAI, spleen index, and pathological damage within the colon. PGP also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the enhancement of oxidative stress and MPO activity. Meanwhile, PGP restored the levels of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cell-related cytokines and transcription factors in the colon to regulate colonic immunity. Further studies revealed that PGP regulated the balance of colonic immune cells through mesenteric lymphatic circulation. Taken together, PGP exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect and regulates colonic immunity to attenuate DSS-induced UC through mesenteric lymphatic circulation.

The osteogenesis of Ginsenoside Rb1 incorporated silk/micro-nano hydroxyapatite/sodium alginate composite scaffolds for calvarial defect / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

Ginsenoside Rb1, the effective constituent of ginseng, has been demonstrated to play favorable roles in improving the immunity system. However, there is little study on the osteogenesis and angiogenesis effect of Ginsenoside Rb1. Moreover, how to establish a delivery system of Ginsenoside Rb1 and its repairment ability in bone defect remains elusive. In this study, the role of Ginsenoside Rb1 in cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, osteogenic genes expression, ALP activity of rat BMSCs were evaluated firstly. Then, micro-nano HAp granules combined with silk were prepared to establish a delivery system of Ginsenoside Rb1, and the osteogenic and angiogenic effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 loaded on micro-nano HAp/silk in rat calvarial defect models were assessed by sequential fluorescence labeling, and histology analysis, respectively. It revealed that Ginsenoside Rb1 could maintain cell viability, significantly increased ALP activity, osteogenic and angiogenic genes expression. Meanwhile, micro-nano HAp granules combined with silk were fabricated smoothly and were a delivery carrier for Ginsenoside Rb1. Significantly, Ginsenoside Rb1 loaded on micro-nano HAp/silk could facilitate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. All the outcomes hint that Ginsenoside Rb1 could reinforce the osteogenesis differentiation and angiogenesis factor's expression of BMSCs. Moreover, micro-nano HAp combined with silk could act as a carrier for Ginsenoside Rb1 to repair bone defect.

Clinical therapy evaluation of surgery on patients with multi-and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the clinical effect of surgery on treating multi-extensively drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant pulmonary (XDR) tuberculosis (M/XDR-PTB) in order to provide the new approach for patients with M/XDR-PTB.Methods The information of 75 cases with M/XDRPTB were recorded and they were underwent thoracic surgery at the National Tuberculosis Center in Tbilisi,Georgia from October 2008 to February 2011.Results Of 75 patients,52 cases were MDR and 23 were XDR with PTB underwent adjunctive thoracic surgery.The following surgical procedures were performed including pneumonectomy(10％),lobectomy (51％),segmentectomy (33％).Median age was 30 years and average duration of preoperative M/XDR-PTB medical therapy was 350 days.Mean postoperative follow up period was 372 days.Of 72 patients with complete outcomes information,59 (82％) had favorable outcomes including 90％ of MDR and 68％ of XDR-TB patients.No postoperative death occurred,7 patients (9％) had postoperative complications.Univariate analysis showed that,compared with good treatment outcomes,risk factors of poor treatment outcomes included cavitary disease (62％ vs.27％,P =＞ 0.02),probability of suffering from XDR (62％ vs.27％,P =0.02),positive preoperative sputum culture (77％ vs.14％,P＜ 0.001),acceptance of sensitive drugs(1.9％ vs.2.8％,P =0.03) and major postoperative surgical complication (23％ vs.5％,P =0.03).Conclusion Patients with M/XDR-PTB undergoing adjunctive thoracic surgery show with high rates of favorable outcomes,and no surgical related death as well as the low complications rates.Adjunctive surgery appears to play an important role in the treatment of select patients with M/XDR-PTB.

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair of chronic type B aortic dissection in 84 patients / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective The optimal treatment for chronic type B dissection remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to report early and mid-term results of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of chronic type B aortic dissection. Methods Methods From June 2001 to September 2007, 84 patients with chronic type B aortic dissection received TEVAR. The time between onset of dissection and TEVAR was (13.9 ± 22.0) months (ranged 1 - 120 months). All patients were followed for 6 - 86 months [mean (33.2 ± 19.2) months]. Results The entry tear was completely sealed in 77 cases ( 91.7% ) during TEVAR. The incidence of incomplete seal was 8.3%. One-month mortality was 1. 2%. One patient had retrograde type A dissection 1 month after operation. Four patients received a second TEVAR during follow-up :3 for endoleaking and 1 for newly formed intima tear. Seven patients (8.3%) died during follow-up: 3 thoracic aorta rupture due to endoleaking, 1 abdominal aorta rupture caused by continuous dilation of the abdominal aorta, unrelated to aortic dissection deaths in 2 and 1 died of unknown cause. The Kaplan Meier actuarial survival curve showed a 7-year survival rate of 84.4%. Conclusion Early and mid-term results showed that TEVAR was effective in treating chronic type B aortic dissection. Endoleak was the main cause of death during follow-up. With increasing of physician's experience and refinement of the stent-graft, results are likely to improve in the future.